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一、时 态 小 结<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td style="padding: 0px;" width="48">时态</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="145">定义</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">特征</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="448">动词的变化规则</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="48">一般现在时</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="145">表示经常性或习惯性的动作.</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">every day/morning/…usually</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="448">第三人称单数的变化情况:1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 一般情况在词尾直接加-s2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 以ch,sh,s,x或o结尾的词加-es3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,将y改成i再加-es</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="48">现在进行时</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="145">表示现在或现在一阶段正在进行的动作.</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">now/ look/ listen</td><td style="padding: 0px; word-break: break-all;" width="448">现在分词的变化情况:1. 一般情况在词尾直接加-ing2. 以e结尾的词,去掉e再加-ing3. 以重读闭音节结尾的词,双写最后一个字母加-ing</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="48">一般过去时</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="145">表示过去某时发生的动作或情况.</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">yesterday morning/afternoon/eveninglast year/montha minute ago/an hour agothis morning/afternoon/evening</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="448">动词过去式的变化情况:1. 一般情况在词尾直接加-ed2. 以e结尾的词加-d3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,将y改成i再加-ed4. 以重读闭音节结尾的词,双写最后一个字母加-ed</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="48">一般将来时</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="145">表示将要发生的事情</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">tomorrowthe day after tomorrow/the next day/Monday…at the weekend/tonighttomorrow night/morning/afternoon</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="448">主要构成be going to/will + 动词原形&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; be +形容词</td></tr></tbody></table>凡是在must, mustn’t, can, can’t, let’s, don’t, may，will后的一定要用动词的原形&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 二、名词的复数。&nbsp;名词按其数,可分两种:可数名词和不可数名词.&nbsp;&nbsp; 可数名词的复数变化规则:1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s, 如:girl-girls, book-books, pen-pens2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,在词后加-es, 如:class-classes, box-boxes, match-matches,3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y 为i 再加-es, 如:city-cities, family-families, country- countries4.以f或fe结尾的,变f或fe为v再加-es, 如:knife-knives, wife-wives, life-lives,5.以o 结尾的加-es或-s, 如: radio-radios, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, zoo-zoos, photo-photos,6.man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, child-children,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 三、形容词的比较级、最高级。&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 形容词有比较级与最高级之分, 单音节词的变化规则:1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-er或-est, 如:small-smaller-smallest, short-shorter-shortest2.以e结尾的,加-er或-est, 如:large-larger-largest, nice-nicer-nicest.3.以辅音字母+y结尾的, 变y 为i 再加-er或-est, 如:busy-busier-busiest, heavy-heavier-heaviest.4.以重读闭音节,一个辅音字母结尾的,双写该字母,再加-er或-est, 如:big-bigger-biggest, thin-thinner-thinnest.5.多音节的词,前加more, most, 如: beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful.6.good-better-best&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 四、be 动词,助动词。现阶段be动词形式有: am, is, are, were, was, isn’t, aren’t, weren’t, wasn’t助动词形式有: do, does, did, don’t, doesn’t, didn’t※&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1. 在英语句子中进行变化的时候, 有be动词的就在be动词上变化,变 “过去”, “否定”;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;否定&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 过去&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 否定am-------am not(第一人称 “I” )&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; am, is ------ was --------- wasn’tis ------- isn’t&nbsp; (第三人称)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; are&nbsp; ------were --------- weren’tare------aren’t&nbsp; (you和其它人称)&nbsp;2. 没有be动词的就要加助动词;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;否定&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 过去&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 过去否定do&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -----don’t&nbsp;&nbsp; ------did---------didn’tdoes(第三人称单数)-----doesn’t ------did---------didn’t&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 五．人称代词<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr class="firstRow"><td rowspan="2" style="padding: 0px;" width="121">主语</td><td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px;" width="264">物主代词</td><td rowspan="2" style="padding: 0px;" width="155">宾格</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="120">形容词性</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="144">名词性</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="121">I</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="120">my</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="144">mine</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">me</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="121">she</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="120">her</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="144">hers</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">her</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="121">he</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="120">his</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="144">his</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">him</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="121">it</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="120">its</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="144">its</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">it</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="121">you</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="120">your</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="144">yours</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">you</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="121">we</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="120">our</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="144">ours</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">us</td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 0px;" width="121">they</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="120">their</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="144">theirs</td><td style="padding: 0px;" width="155">them</td></tr></tbody></table>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;六．特殊疑问词&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;What is this?&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;What is this in English?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What is the matter?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What is the weather like?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What is the country like?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What is she/he/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What do you like?&nbsp;&nbsp; What&nbsp;&nbsp; What does he do?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What do you have for…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What colour…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What class…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What grade…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What time…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What day…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What do/does/did+…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;How are you?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; How old…?&nbsp;How&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; How many…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; How much…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; How long…?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; How do/does/did+…?Which +n.+ （be动词/助动词）+…?Whose+ n.+ （be动词/助动词）+…?Where+ v. （be动词/助动词）+sb. +…?When +v. （be动词/助动词）+ sb.+…?Who +v. （be动词/助动词/行为动词）+sb.+…?Why +v. （be动词/助动词）+ sb. +…?※有can, will, must这几个词的句子，所有的句型转换都在此词变化。&nbsp;

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